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Bagram Air Base: A Cornerstone of U.S. Strategic Interests in Afghanistan

Bagram Air Base: A Cornerstone of U.S. Strategic Interests in Afghanistan By [@raghubir] Introduction Bagram Air Base, located about 30 km north of Kabul, has long been the largest U.S. military installation in Afghanistan. From its construction in the 1970s to its pivotal role in two major U.S. conflicts, the base has served as a hub for air operations, logistics, and intelligence. Understanding why Bagram mattered to America requires looking at its geographic advantage, its operational functions, and the broader geopolitical context. Strategic Location ● Geopolitical Anchor : Situated in the heart of South‑Central Asia, Bagram gave the United States a foothold close to the volatile regions of the Middle East and Central Asia. ● Air‑Space Dominance : The base’s long runway (over 3,500 m) allowed heavy cargo aircraft—C‑17s, C‑130s, and strategic bombers—to operate with minimal refueling stops, facilitating rapid deployment of troops and equipment. ● Proximity to Threat Zones: Its locat...
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๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿค๐Ÿ‡ท๐Ÿ‡บ India–Russia Relations:Critical Impact on Europe 

๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿค๐Ÿ‡ท๐Ÿ‡บ India–Russia Relations: Critical Impact on Europe  1. Energy and Sanctions Dynamics   a. India as a major buyer of Russian oil undermines European sanctions  * Since the Ukraine war, Europe drastically reduced Russian oil and gas imports.  * India simultaneously increased purchases of discounted Russian crude, refining it and selling products (diesel, jet fuel) on global markets—including indirectly into Europe.  Impact on Europe:  ● Weakens the intended pressure of EU sanctions. ● Provides Russia with revenue streams that help sustain its economy and war machinery.  ● Creates competitive pressure on European refiners.  b. Diversification versus dependency  ● Europe’s pivot away from Russian energy increases its reliance on Middle Eastern and US energy.  ● India’s stronger energy partnership with Russia makes Europe’s energy diplomacy more complex.  2. Geopolitical Balance of Power a. India’s strategic autonomy dilutes W...
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Russian President Vladimir Putin’s India visit.

Putin’s India visit  ๐Ÿ“† Context — What is the visit Putin is doing a two-day state visit to India, on 4–5 December 2025 — for the 23rd India–Russia Annual Summit. The visit was confirmed by both the Russian side (Kremlin) and the Indian Ministry of External Affairs. This marks Putin’s first visit to India since 2021. ✅ What media reports say about agenda & outcomes / themes • Broadening Cooperation: Trade, Economy, Energy, Industry Reports say India and Russia plan to review and expand cooperation not just in defence, but across trade, energy, manufacturing, agriculture, health, media, cultural exchange, and technology. The two countries may sign multiple agreements — on trade, health, agricultural cooperation, media—and possibly on labour-mobility. A long-term economic cooperation roadmap up to 2030 is reportedly on the table. On energy: Reports mention cooperation on nuclear power — including continuation and expansion of the nuclear plant project at Kudankula...
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เคธुเคฐ्เค–िเคฏों เคฎे "เคฌเค—เคฐाเคฎ เคเคฏเคฐเคฌेเคธ"

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เคฌเค—เคฐाเคฎ เคเคฏเคฐ เคฌेเคธ: เค‡เคคिเคนाเคธ, เคธाเคฎเคฐिเค• เคฎเคนเคค्เคต เค”เคฐ เคตिเคฐाเคธเคค  เคช्เคฐเคธ्เคคाเคตเคจा  เคฌเค—เคฐाเคฎ เคเคฏเคฐ เคฌेเคธ เค…เคซเค—ाเคจिเคธ्เคคाเคจ เค•ी เคฐाเคœเคงाเคจी เค•ाเคฌुเคฒ เคธे เคฒเค—เคญเค— 40 เค•िเคฒोเคฎीเคŸเคฐ เค‰เคค्เคคเคฐ เคฎें เคชเคฐเคตाเคจ เคช्เคฐांเคค เคฎें เคธ्เคฅिเคค เคนै। เคฏเคน เค…เคซเค—ाเคจिเคธ्เคคाเคจ เคฎें เค…เคฎेเคฐिเค•ी เคธेเคจा เค•ा เคธเคฌเคธे เคฌเคก़ा เค िเค•ाเคจा เคฅा เค”เคฐ เคฒเค—เคญเค— เคฆो เคฆเคถเค•ों เคคเค• "เคตाเคฐ เค‘เคจ เคŸेเคฐเคฐ" (เค†เคคंเค•เคตाเคฆ เค•े เค–िเคฒाเคซ เคฏुเคฆ्เคง) เค•ा เคช्เคฐเคฎुเค– เค•ेंเคฆ्เคฐ เคฌเคจा เคฐเคนा। เคœुเคฒाเคˆ 2021 เคฎें เค…เคฎेเคฐिเค•ी เคธेเคจा เค•ी เคตाเคชเคธी เคคเค• เคฏเคน เค िเค•ाเคจा เค…เคซเค—ाเคจिเคธ्เคคाเคจ เคฎें เค…เคฎेเคฐिเค•ा เค•ी เคธैเคจ्เคฏ เคถเค•्เคคि เค”เคฐ เคฐเคฃเคจीเคคिเค• เค‰เคชเคธ्เคฅिเคคि เค•ा เคช्เคฐเคคीเค• เคฌเคจा เคฐเคนा। เคเคคिเคนाเคธिเค• เคชृเคท्เค เคญूเคฎि  * เคธोเคตिเคฏเคค เค•ाเคฒ: เคฌเค—เคฐाเคฎ เคฌेเคธ เค•ा เคจिเคฐ्เคฎाเคฃ 1950 เค•े เคฆเคถเค• เคฎें เคธोเคตिเคฏเคค เคธंเค˜ เคจे เค•िเคฏा เคฅा। 1979–1989 เค•े เคฌीเคš เค…เคซเค—ाเคจिเคธ्เคคाเคจ เคชเคฐ เคธोเคตिเคฏเคค เค•เคฌ्เคœे เค•े เคฆौเคฐाเคจ เคฏเคน เคธोเคตिเคฏเคค เคธेเคจा เค•ा เคฎुเค–्เคฏ เคชเคฐिเคšाเคฒเคจ เค…เคก्เคกा เคฐเคนा। เค—ृเคนเคฏुเคฆ्เคง เค”เคฐ เคคाเคฒिเคฌाเคจ เค•ाเคฒ: เคธोเคตिเคฏเคค เคตाเคชเคธी เค•े เคฌाเคฆ เคฏเคน เค िเค•ाเคจा เคตिเคญिเคจ्เคจ เค…เคซเค—ाเคจ เค—ुเคŸों เค•े เคฌीเคš เคธंเค˜เคฐ्เคท เค•ा เค•ेंเคฆ्เคฐ เคฌเคจा เคฐเคนा। 1990 เค•े เคฆเคถเค• เค•े เค…ंเคค เคคเค• เคฏเคน เคคाเคฒिเคฌाเคจ เค•े เคจिเคฏंเคค्เคฐเคฃ เคฎें เค† เค—เคฏा।  * เค…เคฎेเคฐिเค•ी เค…เคงिเค—्เคฐเคนเคฃ (2001): 11 เคธिเคคเคฎ्เคฌเคฐ 2001 เค•े เคนเคฎเคฒों เค•े เคฌाเคฆ เคœเคฌ เค…เคฎेเคฐिเค•ा เคจे เค…เคซเค—ाเคจिเคธ्เคคाเคจ เคฎें เคธैเคจ्เคฏ เคนเคธ्เคคเค•्เคทेเคช เค•िเคฏा เคคो เคฌเค—เคฐाเคฎ เคฌेเคธ เค•ो เคธเคฌเคธे เคฌเคก़े เคธैเคจ्เคฏ เค…เคก्เคกे เค•े เคฐूเคช เคฎें เคตिเค•เคธिเคค เค•िเคฏा เค—เคฏा...
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Bagram Air Base in News

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Bagram Air Base: History, Strategic Importance, and Legacy  Introduction  Bagram Air Base, located about 40 kilometers north of Kabul in Parwan Province, Afghanistan, was the largest U.S. military base in the country and one of the most significant military installations during the War on Terror. Known as the nerve center of American military operations in Afghanistan, Bagram symbolized U.S. power projection in South Asia for nearly two decades until its final evacuation in July 2021. Historical Background  * Soviet Era: Bagram was originally built in the 1950s by the Soviet Union as part of Cold War geopolitics. During the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan (1979–1989), it served as a major operational hub for the Red Army.  * Civil War and Taliban Era: After the Soviet withdrawal, the base was contested among Afghan factions during the civil war. By the late 1990s, it fell into the hands of the Taliban before being seized by U.S. forces in 2001.  ...
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PM: MODI

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 Introduction  The political journey of Narendra Damodardas Modi represents one of the most remarkable transformations in the history of Indian democracy. From his humble beginnings in Vadnagar, a small town in Gujarat, to rising as the most dominant political leader of the world’s largest democracy, Modi’s story is both inspirational and controversial. His leadership has not only redefined Indian politics but has also significantly influenced the nation’s economic, social, and international outlook. Since assuming office as the 14th Prime Minister of India in May 2014, Modi has emerged as a figure who evokes admiration and criticism in equal measure. The global political stage has taken note of Modi’s strong and charismatic persona. Unlike many of his predecessors, Modi has consistently maintained a direct connection with the masses, using tools like social media, radio programs such as Mann Ki Baat, and large-scale public rallies to communicate his vision. His su...
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Pakistan-Saudi Arabia Defence Pact

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Pakistan-Saudi Arabia Strategic Mutual Defence Pact: What It Is, What Led Up To It, and Implications for India What’s the Pact?  On 17 September 2025, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia formally signed a Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement during Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif’s state visit to Riyadh. Key points: Under the pact, any aggression against one country will be considered an aggression against both. It aims to strengthen defence cooperation and joint deterrence against threats. Though specifics are not fully disclosed, a major new element is that Pakistani officials have suggested that Pakistan's nuclear capabilities could potentially be extended to safeguard Saudi Arabia under this arrangement. Though Pakistan insists that nuclear weapons are “not on the radar” of the pact, the language being used implies some kind of deterrence posture. The pact formalises and institutionalises what had been, in many cases, less formal or ad hoc cooperation between Saudi Ara...
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